Evalution of computers

Year 1952:
John von Neumann's IAS computer became operational.
Year 1953:
IBM shipped its first electronic computer, the 701.
Year 1955:
The first fully transistorized computer, TRADIC. EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER - TIMELINE
The genesis of mechanical / digital computing can be traced back to Blaise Pascal and GW Liebnitz. Charles Babbage was the first to imagine a machine that could process data. He designed first a different engine, an analytical engine and an all purpose calculating machine.
Year 1904:
Discovery of thermionic valve.
Year 1938:
Konrad Zeus built the world's first binary digital computer, the Z1.
Year 1941:
Zeus completed the first fully functional program-controlled electromechanical digital computer, the Z3.
Year 1946:
The first glimpse of the ENIAC, a machine built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert.
Year 1948:
Claude Shannon identified the bit as the fundamental unit of data and the basic unit of computation.
Year 1951:
The UNIVAC I developed.

Year 1956:
Experiments began for direct keyboard input on computers. Doug Ross wrote a memo advocating direct access.
The era of magnetic disk storage dawned with IBM's shipment of a 305 RAMAC
TX-0, the first general-purpose, programmable computer built with transistors.
Year 1957:
FORTRAN enabled a computer to perform a repetitive task from a single set of instructions by using loops.
Commercial compiler for it's UNIVAC.
Year 1958:
Dataphone, the first commercial modem.
COBOL designed for business use.
LISP made its debut as the first computer language designed for writing artificial intelligence programs.
Year 1962:
SpaceWar!, considered the first interactive computer game.
Virtual memory emerged.
Year 1963:
ASCII developed.
Year 1964:
BASIC created.
Year 1965:
PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer.
Year 1967:
LOGO as a computer language designed.
Year 1969:
The RS-232-C standard.
Year 1970:
The birth of ARPANET, the precursor to present internet.
Year 1971:
8-inch floppy diskette invented.
Ray Thomlinson sends first ever email.
Year 1972:
Intel's 8008 microprocessor made its debut.
Year 1973:
Ethernet method of network connection devised.
Year 1975:
Telenet: the first commercially packet-switching network and civilian equivalent of ARPANET, was born.
Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Micro-Soft.
The first issue of BYTE magazine published.
Year 1976:
Steve Wozniak designed the Apple I, on a single-board computer.
The Cray I - the first commercially successful vector processor.
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak from the Apple Computer Company.
5 1/4" Flexible disk drive and diskette were introduced.
Year 1977:
Hashim Taylor born! It is the year's only invention! LOL!
Year 1978:
Epson announces the dot matrix printer.
Year 1979:
Emoticons bring life into otherwise boring computer newsgroups.
Year 1980:
The first hard disk drive for microcomputer.
The first optical data storage disk.
The first Winchester 5.25-inch hard disk drive announced.
Microsoft acquires SCP's DOS.
Year 1981:
Sony shipped the first 3 1/4" floppy disk and drive.
the MS-DOS released.
Year 1982:
Phillips created an erasable optical disk.
The first Cray XPM produced.
The first issue of PC Magazine printed.
Intel introduced the 6 MHz 80286 microprocessor.
Microsoft release MS-DOS 1.1 to IBM.
The first IBM PC clone, the MPC.
Compaq Portable PC introduced.
TCP/IP introduced and Internet's birth.
Year 1983:
Apple introduced its Lisa. The first personal computer with a graphical User Interface.
Compaq introduced first PC clone that used the same software as the IBM PC.
Lotus 1-2-3 v. 1.0 hit the market.
Iomega introduced the Bernoulli Box storage device.
SyQuest storage cartridge system launched.
Novell introduced the NetWare network OS.
Phillips and Sony develop the CD-ROM
Hewlett-Packard unveils microcomputer featuring optical touchscreen.
Microsoft Windows and MS-Word 1.0 released.
Borland int. releases Turbo Pascal programming language.
Year 1984:
Apple Computer launched the Macintosh, the first successful mouse-driven computer with GUI.
IBM release PC-AT with 286 chip and 16 bit bus and PC Jr.
Hewlett Packard introduced the LaserJet printer
The word "Cyberspace" used for the first time by William Gibson.
Year 1985:
Aldus announced it's PageMaker program for desktop publishing.
The C++ emerges as the dominant object-oriented programming language.
The first general-interest CD-ROM product released - Grolier encyclopedia.
The modern Internet gained support when NSF formed the NSFNET.
CD-ROM drives are introduced for computer use.
NEC Home Electronics introduced the first multisync monitor.
Microsoft shipped Windows 1.0.
Year 1986:
Apple designed HyperCard, a software tool for development of in-house applications.
IBM introduced its PS/2 machine based on a new architect called MicroChannel.
The first IBM to include Intel's 80386 chip, allowing the use of a mouse with IBMs for the first time.
Microsoft released OS/2 1.0.
Year 1988:
NeXT computer - recognized as an important innovation.
PC-clone makers developed EISA
Robert Morris' worm flooded the ARPANET.
Year 1989:
Virtual Reality, a computer generated 3-D environment that allows a user to interact with the realities developed.
Intel announced the 486 microprocessor.
Year 1990:
Microsoft shipped Windows 3.0.
The World Wide Web was born when Tim Berners-Lee, a researcher at CERN, Geneva, developed HTML.
Apple unveils and ships the Macintosh Classic.
Year 1991:
Linus Torvalds develops Linux, in Finland.
The NSF allowed commercial use of the Internet for the first time.
Intel introduced the PCI local-bus standard for personal computer systems.
IBM introduced ThinkPad 700C laptop computer.
Year 1993:
Intel introduced Pentium processor.
Microsoft comes up with Windows NT OS.
Creative's Sound Blaster 16 Card hit the market.
Apple launched Newton MessagePad - personal digital assistant.
The NCSA released Mosaic 1.0, first graphical www web browser.
Netscape Navigator 1.0, a www browser, born.
Iomega launched its Zip drive and Zip disks.
150 countries connected via internet and 50 million people got online.
Year 1995:
The NSF decommissioned the internet backbone, leaving the internet a self supporting industry.
IBM announced PC-DOS 7.
Microsoft hits the world with Windows 95.
I (Hashim Taylor) celebrated my 18th Birthday :P
Year 1996:
Corel purchased WordPerfect, Quattro Pro and the PerfectOffice application suite from Novell.
Microsoft released Windows NT 4.0
Microsoft unveils Windows CE operating system for handheld PCs.
CD-ReWritable (CD-RW) is announced.
Year 1997:
AMD introduced K6 processor.
Year 1998:
Celeron processor shipped
Steve Jobs introduced the iMac.
Microsoft released Windows 98.
America Online buys Netscape Communications.
Motorola officially introduced the G4 processor.
Year 1999:
Cyrix released the MII processor - beats PIII
Apple introduced the G3 PowerBook and the iBook.
AMD released the Athlon processor.
Apple released the Power Mac G4 compter (With Motorola G4)
Year 2000:
Microsoft unveils Windows 2000 OS and Windows ME.
BeOS v5 OS for PCs released.
Palm III c handheld computer released.
Microsoft launches the pocket PC that runs on Microsoft Windows CE 3.0.
Corel released WordPerfect Office 2000 for Linux.
Apple releases MAC X DR 4.
Compaq introduced the iPAQ Pocket PC handheld computer.
Intel announce Pentium 4.
Microsoft unveils it's C# (Called C Sharp) language.
Apple introduced the PowerMac G4 Cube.
AMD shipped 1.1 GHz Athlon processor.
Year 2001:
Intel announced hyper-threaded P4 capable of working as two processor.
Napster closes down.


Year 2001 ONWARD...
We are all aware what happened after year 2001! Soon I'll add the hot happenings of rest of the years.


The Bytes Measurement: a simple chart
Bytes
Kilobyte 1,024 Kilobytes
Megabyte 1,048,576 1,024 Megabytes
Gigabyte 1,073,741,824 1,048,576 1,024 Gigabytes
Terabyte 1,099,511,627, 776 1,073,741,824 1,048,576 1,024

socket

A socket is one end-point of a two-way communication link between two programs running on the network. Socket classes are used to represent the connection between a client program and a server program. The java.net package provides two classes--Socket and ServerSocket--that implement the client side of the connection and the server side of the connection, respectively.
An endpoint is a combination of an IP address and a port number. Every TCP connection can be uniquely identified by its two endpoints. That way you can have multiple connections between your host and the server.
The java.net package in the Java platform provides a class, Socket, that implements one side of a two-way connection between your Java program and another program on the network. The Socket class sits on top of a platform-dependent implementation, hiding the details of any particular system from your Java program. By using the java.net.Socket class instead of relying on native code, your Java programs can communicate over the network in a platform-independent fashion.
On the client-side: The client knows the hostname of the machine on which the server is running and the port number on which the server is listening. To make a connection request, the client tries to rendezvous with the server on the server's machine and port. The client also identify the server so it binds to a local port number that it will use during this connection.

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